DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL SCHOOL MENU: SURVEY OF PARENTS AND STUDENTS AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING THE NUTRITION SYSTEM

This article is devoted to the study of the integration of Kazakh national cuisine into the school menu to improve students' nutrition and preserve cultural traditions. A survey conducted among parents and students in Kazakhstan, covering 200 respondents in 15 regions and 3 cities of national significance, identified preferences and expectations regarding school meals. Data analysis showed that 64% of students and 69% of parents support the inclusion of national dishes in the school menu. However, 50% of students noted a lack of time for lunch, and 58% regularly purchase buffet products, indicating the need for reform in meal organization. The study demonstrated that parents prefer a diverse menu, including traditional dishes such as beshbarmak and manti, while students tend to choose familiar and simple meals. The article examines successful international practices in Japan, South Korea, and Italy, where the introduction of national cuisine has improved children's diets and contributed to cultural education. As a result, recommendations are provided for developing new menu standards, increasing lunch time, and implementing educational programs aimed at promoting healthy eating.

1. Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology-Japan. School Lunch Program Guidelines. Tokyo: MEXT, 2020. (In English).

2. World Health Organization. School Health and Nutrition: Global Standards. Geneva: WHO, 2019. (In English).

3. Kuchma V.R. Organizatsiya ratsional'nogo pitaniya, kak odno iz vazhneishikh napravlenii ozdorovitel'noi raboty v obrazovatel'nykh uchrezhdeniyakh / V.R. Kuchma, ZH.YU. Gorelova, I.K. Rapoport // Voprosy detskoi dietologii. – 2004. – T. 2. – S. 33-35. (In Russian).

4. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po organizatsii pitaniya obuchayushchikhsya i vospitannikov obrazovatel'nykh uchrezhdenii. Prikaz Minzdravsotsrazvitiya RF № 213n; Prikaz Minobrnauki RF №178 ot 11 marta 2012 g. (In Russian).

5. Tekhnologiya i organizatsiya pitaniya v obrazovatel'nykh organizatsiyakh (obshcheobrazovatel'nye organizatsii) / M.P. Mogil'nyi i dr. – M.: DELi plyus, 2014. – 351 s. (In Russian).

6. Mogil'nyi M.P. Organizatsiya pitaniya v obrazovatel'nykh uchrezhdeniyakh (kharakteristika, rekomendatsii, perspektivy) / M.P. Mogli'nyi. – M.: DELi print, 2011. – 384 s. (In Russian).

7. Kim H. Traditional Food in Korean School Lunches / H. Kim, Y. Lee // Seoul: Korean Nutrition Society, 2018. (In English).

8. Ministerstvo obrazovaniya i nauki Respubliki Kazakhstan. Informatsiya o tekushchikh novostyakh sistemy obrazovaniya. URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/edu/press /news/details/659986?lang=ru (data obrashcheniya: 03.02.2025). (In Russian).

9. Tanaka N. School lunch programs in Japan: A nutrition education system / N. Tanaka, M. Miyoshi // Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. – 2012. – № 21(1). – R. 155-158. (In English).

10. Lee K. Cultural Identity and Food: The Role of Kimchi in South Korea / K. Lee // Korean J Culture. – 2017. – № 35(2). – R. 112-120. (In English).

11. Slow Food International. Improving Children's Diets in Italy. Rome: SFI, 2016. (In English).

12. V Kazakhstane v shkol'noe menyu namereny vklyuchit' natsional'nye blyuda [Ehlektron. resurs]. – 2023. – URL: https://www.inbusiness.kz/ru/last/v-kazahstane-v-shkolnoe-menyu-namerenyvklyuchit-nacionalnye-blyuda (data obrashcheniya: 10.04.2025). (In Russian).

13. Almatinskikh shkol'nikov budut kormit' natsional'nymi blyudami [Ehlektron. resurs]. – 2024. – URL: https://newtimes.kz/obshchestvo/181504-almatinskikh-shkolnikov-budut-kormitnatsionalnymi- bliudami (data obrashcheniya: 10.04.2025). (In Russian).