MXENE МАТЕРИАЛДАРЫ: ЗАМАНАУИ СИНТЕЗ ӘДІСТЕРІ, ЭКОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ ТАЗА ТӘСІЛДЕР ЖӘНЕ ЖАБЫНДАР МЕН КОМПОЗИТТІК МАТЕРИАЛДАР РЕТІНДЕ ҚОЛДАНУ МҮМКІНДІКТЕРІ

Мақалада MXene, екіөлшемді материалдарды – ауыспалы металдардың карбидтері, нитридтері және карбонитридтерін синтездеудің заманауи әдістеріне шолу жасалған, әсіресе экологиялық тұрғыдан қауіпсіз тәсілдер мен оларды жабындар мен композиттер ретінде қолдану мүмкіндіктеріне баса назар аударылған. Фторлы қосылыстарды, мысалы, фторсутек қышқылын пайдалана отырып жүргізілетін дәстүрлі травление әдістері мен олардың экологиялық қатерлер секілді кемшіліктері қарастырылады. Сонымен қатар, қоршаған ортаға әсерді азайтып, өндірістің ауқымын кеңейтуге мүмкіндік беретін "жасыл" технологиялар – электрохимиялық травление және балқытылған тұздарды қолданатын әдістер сипатталады. MXene материалдарының ерекше қасиеттері – жоғары электрөткізгіштік, механикалық икемділік және гидрофильділік – олардың энергетика, электроника және экология салаларында кеңінен қолданылуына жол ашады. Мақалада MXene материалдарының коррозияға қарсы және бактерияларға қарсы жабындарда, электромагниттік кедергілерден қорғау мен сенсорлық жүйелерде қолданылу әлеуеті ерекше атап өтіледі. Сонымен қатар, Қазақстанда MXene қолдану мүмкіндіктері, соның ішінде жергілікті шикізатты пайдалана отырып суперконденсаторлар, биомедициналық материалдар және аэроғарыштық салаларға арналған катализаторлар өндіру мүмкіндігі талқыланады. Жергілікті синтездің экономикалық тиімділігі жоғары технологиялық салаларды дамыту перспективасын көрсетеді. Бұл жұмыс MXene саласындағы қазіргі жетістіктерді таныстырып, тұрақты материалтану бағыты бойынша болашақ зерттеулерге ынталандыруға бағытталған. Ол осы материалдардың функционалдығы мен экологиялық жауапкершілікті үйлестіре отырып, инновацияларды дамытудағы әлеуетін көрсетеді.

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