MELISSOPALYNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR FOOD SAFETY ASSURANCE AND HONEY ADULTERATION DETECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article examines the role of melissopalynological analysis in food safety assurance and honey authenticity control in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The relevance of the study is associated with increasing quality requirements for food products, the need to verify the botanical origin of honey, and the risks of adulteration related to mislabeling and alteration of the natural composition of the product. The aim of the work is to substantiate the significance of melissopalynological analysis as an effective tool for identifying the origin of honey and detecting signs of adulteration. The study is based on an analytical review of international regulatory documents and modern domestic and foreign publications on melissopalynology, honey authentication, and methods for verifying botanical composition. It is shown that the pollen spectrum is an important natural marker of honey origin and that melissopalynological analysis makes it possible to confirm botanical origin, identify discrepancies in labeling, and form an evidence base in quality assessment. Based on the literature analysis, an integrated model of honey control for Kazakhstan is proposed, combining melissopalynological, physicochemical, and molecular levels of verification. The results may be used in laboratory practice, veterinary and sanitary expertise, and state quality control systems.

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