SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: DEVELOPMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE PACKAGING BASED ON NATURAL POLYMERS AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR IMPACT ON THE STORAGE EFFICIENCY OF FOOD PRODUCTS

This article investigates the influence of biodegradable packaging on the shelf life and suitability of food products. A bun was chosen as the research object, and its preservation efficiency in various types of biodegradable packaging was evaluated. As packaging materials, environmentally safe natural and semisynthetic polymers were used: gelatin, agar, starch, chitosan, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). During the study, the physicochemical stability of these materials, their ability to interact with food products, and their resistance to temperature and humidity were analysed.
The research was conducted in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 – «Responsible Consumption and Production», which focuses on reducing waste and promoting efficient use of resources through environmentally safe solutions. This study substantiates the scientific and practical importance of introducing biodegradable packaging into the food industry.
The results demonstrated that the storage efficiency of biodegradable materials is not uniform. Some samples maintained product quality for a longer period, while others showed insufficient structural stability. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the decisive factors affecting packaging performance are the type of polymer, its thickness, and moisture permeability.

1. Biodegradable polymers for food packaging: a review / V. Siracusa et al // Trends in Food Science & Technology. – 2008. – Vol. 19, № 12. – R. 634-643. (In English).

2. Kodeks Respubliki Kazakhstan «O zelenoi ehkonomikE» [Ehlektron. resurs]. – 2016. – URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/H16EV000096 (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

3. Thompson G. Biodegradable packaging: A review of materials and applications / G. Thompson, L. Clark // Trends in Food Science & Technology. – 2021. – Vol. 118, Part A. – R. 285-296. (In English).

4. Proizvodstvo ehko-paketov [Ehlektron. resurs]. – 2020. – URL: https://greenpole.su/proizvodstvo-jeko-paketov/ (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

5. Oborudovanie dlya proizvodstva biorazlagaemykh ehko-paketov [Ehlektron. resurs]. – 2020. – URL: https://paketodel.ru/info/articles/oborudovanie-dlya-proizvodstva-biorazlagaemykh-ekopaketov/ (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

6. Recent advances on chitosan-based films for sustainable food packaging applications / N. Haghighi et al // Food Packaging and Shelf Life. – 2020. – Vol. 26. – Article 100551. (In English).

7. Sergazieva O.D. Primenenie plenok na osnove zhelatina dlya sokhraneniya kachestva pishchevykh produktov / O.D. Sergazieva, N. Dolganova // Tekhnika i tekhnologiya pishchevykh proizvodstv. – 2018. – T. 48, № 1. – S. 156-163. (In Russian).

8. Sbornik retseptur muchnykh konditerskikh i bulochnykh izdelii dlya predpriyatii obshchestvennogo pitaniya: spravochnik. – Sankt-Peterburg: MTK Troitskii most, 2017. – 194 s. (In Russian).

9. EN 13432:2000. Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation – Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging. – Brussels: European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 2015. – 20 p. (In English).

10. GOST R 54533-2011. Upakovka. Trebovaniya k biorazlagaemosti [Ehlektron. resurs]. – URL: https://meganorm.ru/Data2/1/4293738/4293738651.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

11. GOST 27844-88. Plastmassy. Metody ispytanii na biorazlagaemost' [Ehlektron. resurs]. – URL: https://allgosts.ru/67/060/gost_27844-88 (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

12. Tekhnicheskii reglament Tamozhennogo soyuza «O bezopasnosti upakovkI» (TR TS 005/2011) [Ehlektron. resurs]. – URL: https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=30517012 (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

13. GOST ISO 14855-1-2014. Opredelenie stepeni biorazlozheniya [Ehlektron. resurs]. – URL: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293734/4293734203.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

14. GOST R 54257-2010. Ehkologicheskie trebovaniya k upakovke [Ehlektron. resurs]. – URL: https://internet-law.ru/gosts/gost/69820/ (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2025). (In Russian).

15. Zinc oxide enhanced the antibacterial efficacy of biodegradable PBAT/PBS nanocomposite films: Morphology and food packaging properties / K. Promhuad et al // Food Bioscience. – 2023. – Vol. 51. – Article 103077. (In English).