ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ТЕРМОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ СМАЗОЧНО-ОХЛАЖДАЮЩИХ ЖИДКОСТЕЙ ПРИ ОБРАБОТКЕ МЕТАЛЛОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ MQL

В статье представлен обзор современных исследований термофизических свойств смазочно-охлаждающих жидкостей (СОЖ) и наномодифицированных масел, применяемых при механической обработке металлов с использованием технологии минимального количества смазки (MQL). Рассмотрены основные виды СОЖ на масляной, водной и эмульсионной основе, их термофизические характеристики и эксплуатационные требования при интенсивной резке металлов.
Особое внимание уделено влиянию добавления различных наночастиц (Al₂O₃, TiO₂, SiO₂, ZnO, графен и др.) на повышение теплопроводности СОЖ, снижение трения, вязкости, плотности и теплоемкости. Анализ публикаций позволил исследовать наномодифицированные СОЖ и технологии MQL.
Результаты исследований показали, что применение наномодифицированных СОЖ повышает интенсивность теплообмена, снижает износ инструмента и способствует повышению эффективности обработки за счет оптимизации расхода СОЖ. Кроме того, выявлена необходимость регулирования состава СОЖ и концентрации наночастиц с целью оптимизации показателей теплопроводности и вязкости.
Статья служит основой для дальнейших исследований и практического применения наномодифицированных СОЖ в условиях технологии MQL, что способствует развитию энергоэффективных и экологически безопасных процессов обработки металлов.

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