MODIFICATION OF TAR USING GOSSYPOLE RESIN AND RECYCLED POLYPROPYLENE

In modern conditions, special attention is given to the development of environmentally friendly and durable binders produced using secondary and renewable resources. One of the promising approaches is the modification of petroleum binders with natural and polymer components capable of improving their performance characteristics. In this study, the modification of bitumen residue was carried out using a mixture of gossypol resin and recycled polypropylene (RPP) in the presence of potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈), which served as a radical initiator. The application of FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy made it possible to identify the formation of new functional groups, an increase in binder polarity, and a more uniform distribution of the polymer phase within its structure. The conducted tests revealed improvements in the adhesive, thermal, and deformation properties of the modified material compared to the original bitumen residue. The enhancement of structural-mechanical strength and aging resistance indicates a synergistic effect between gossypol resin and RPP. The developed technology demonstrates the efficiency of utilizing cotton processing and plastic waste, offering opportunities to create sustainable, high-quality, and competitive binder systems with reduced environmental risks and expanded areas of application, including road construction, waterproofing coatings, industrial mixtures, and innovative composite materials for the construction industry.

1. Shafabakhsh G. Using Waste Plastics as Asphalt Modifier: A Review / G. Shafabakhsh, M. Sadeghnejad, M. Karami // Materials. – 2022. – Vol. 15, № 14. – P. 8112.

2. Ariyawansa C. Using Waste Plastics as Asphalt Modifier: A Review / C. Ariyawansa, S. Sirisomboonchai, Y. Zhou // International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology. – 2022. – Vol. 15. – Article 8745802.

3. Li H. A chemical method to upcycle waste polypropylene into bitumen modifiers / H. Li, X. Zhang, Q. Yang // Journal of Cleaner Production. – 2025. – Vol. 457. – P. 141239.

4. Saeed K. Recycled Polymer Modified Bitumen for Road Construction / K. Saeed, M. Raza, N. Ali // International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications. – 2023. – Vol. 13, № 4. – P. 45-53.

5. Mohammed S. Recycling micro polypropylene in modified hot asphalt mixture / S. Mohammed, M. El-Basyouny, K. Omar // Scientific Reports. – 2023. – Vol. 13. – Article 30857.

6. Yernazarov E. Modified Bitumen Materials from Kazakhstani Oilfield / E. Yernazarov, L.L. Frolova, R.V. Silva // Advances in Polymer Technology. – 2024. – Vol. 43, № 2. – P. 112-121.

7. Abbas M. The nutritional and industrial significance of cottonseeds and gossypol / M. Abbas, A. Ibrahim, H. Chen // Plant Phenome Journal. – 2023. – Vol. 6. – Article e10433.

8. Niu X. The potential roles of gossypol as anticancer agent / X. Niu, J. Zhang, Y. Liu // Frontiers in Pharmacology. – 2024. – Vol. 15. – Article 10722855.

9. Gulomov Sh.T. Researches of process of reception of anticorrosive materials and building bitumens on the basis of gossypol resin / Sh.T. Gulomov, Kh.Z. Rajapbayev // Zamonaviy fan ta’lim va tarbiya jurnali. – 2018. – № 1. – P. 112-118.

10. Kumar V. Radiation and Radical Grafting Compatibilization of Polymers for Improved Bituminous Binders / V. Kumar, A. Patel, R. Singh // Polymer Bulletin. – 2024. – Vol. 81, № 9. – P. 4112-4127.

11. Bhattacharyya A. Grafting: a versatile means to modify polymers / A. Bhattacharyya. – Famagusta: Eastern Mediterranean University, 2017. – 32 p.

12. Rao K.R. Studies on K₂S₂O₈/Ascorbic acid initiated synthesis and grafting / K.R. Rao, A. Sharma, M. Khan // YMER Journal. – 2021. – Vol. 20, № 3. – P. 153-160.

13. Liu B. Solid-state hydroxylation of polypropylene initiated by potassium persulfate / B. Liu, P. Zhou, Y. Wang // Macromolecular Research. – 2025. – Vol. 33, № 5. – P. 712-721.

14. Oxidative Modification of Bitumen with Natural Resins / X. Li еt al // Fuel. – 2022. – Vol. 320. – P. 124-138.

15. Effect of Bio-based Additives on Bitumen Rheology and Structure / R.A. Al-Mansob et al // Materials Today Communications. – 2020. – Vol. 25. – P. 101-136.

16. Morphological Characterization of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Binders / J. Zhang et al // Construction and Building Materials. – 2019. – Vol. 229. – P. 116-147.

17. Gawel I. The Role of Polymer Distribution in Bitumen Compatibility / I. Gawel, F. Czechowski // Fuel Processing Technology. – 2018. – Vol. 176. – P. 150-158.

18. Sustainable Asphalt Using Recycled Polymers and Natural Additives / M.S. Sureshkumar et al // Journal of Materials Research and Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 9(6). – P. 13688-13700.

19. Performance Enhancement of Asphalt Binder via Radical Grafting / H. Wang et al // Polymer Degradation and Stability. – 2021. – Vol. 183. – P. 109-121.