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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz44</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Университета Шакарима. Серия технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2788-7995</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3006-0524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Шәкәрім университеті» КеАҚ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53360/2788-7995-2026-1(21)-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz44-2159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ (ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AUTOMATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ORIGINAL ARTICLE)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОНИТОРИНГ КАЧЕСТВА ВОЗДУХА В АВТОБУСАХ АЛМАТЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ IOT-УСТРОЙСТВ И МЕТОДОВ МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>AIR QUALITY MONITORING IN ALMATY BUSES USING IOT DEVICES AND MACHINE LEARNING METHODS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1596-561X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молдагулова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moldagulova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айман Николаевна Молдагулова – доцент, профессор-исследователь </p><p>050013, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаев 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aiman Nikolaevna Moldagulova – Associate Professor, Research Professor </p><p>050013, Almaty, 22 Satpayev str.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.moldagulova@satbayev.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тұрмаханбет</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turmakhanbet</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Динара Нұрланқызы Тұрмаханбет - студентка 4 курса бакалавриата </p><p>050040, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 71;050056, г. Алматы, ул. Кожедуба 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinara Nurlankyzy Turmakhanbet – 4 th year Bachelor's student </p><p>050040, Almaty, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue;050056, Almaty, 3 Kozheduba str.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turmahanbetdinara@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мауленбеков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maulenbekov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марлен Амантайулы Мауленбеков – студент 4 курса бакалавриата </p><p>050013, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаев 22;050056, г. Алматы, ул. Кожедуба 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marlen Amantayuly Maulenbekov – 4 th year Bachelor's student </p><p>050013, Almaty, 22 Satpayev str.;050056, Almaty, 3 Kozheduba str.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.maulenbekov@stud.satbayev.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4970-3095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кальпеева</surname><given-names>Ж. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalpeyeva</surname><given-names>Zh. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жулдыз Бейшеналиевна Кальпеева – PhD, доцент </p><p>050013, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаев 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhuldyz Beishenalievna Kalpeyeva – Ph.D, Associate Professor </p><p>050013, Almaty, 22 Satpayev str.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">z.kalpeyeva@satbayev.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8499-2101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ускенбаева</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uskenbayeva</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раиса Кабиевна Ускенбаева – доктор технических наук, профессор </p><p>050013, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаев 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raisa Kabievna Uskenbayeva – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor </p><p>050013, Almaty, 22 Satpayev str.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.k.uskenbayeva@satbayev.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский национальный технический исследовательский университет им. К.И. Сатпаева</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Satbayev University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби;&#13;
ТОО «Kazakhstan R&amp;D Solutions»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Al-Farabi Kazakh National University;&#13;
LLP «Kazakhstan R&amp;D Solutions»</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский национальный технический исследовательский университет им. К.И. Сатпаева;&#13;
ТОО «Kazakhstan R&amp;D Solutions»</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Satbayev University;&#13;
LLP «Kazakhstan R&amp;D Solutions»</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1(21)</issue><fpage>179</fpage><lpage>188</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Молдагулова А.Н., Тұрмаханбет Д.Н., Мауленбеков М.А., Кальпеева Ж.Б., Ускенбаева Р.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Молдагулова А.Н., Тұрмаханбет Д.Н., Мауленбеков М.А., Кальпеева Ж.Б., Ускенбаева Р.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moldagulova A.N., Turmakhanbet D.N., Maulenbekov M.A., Kalpeyeva Z.B., Uskenbayeva R.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/2159">https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/2159</self-uri><abstract><p>Качество воздуха в общественном транспорте – важный фактор, напрямую влияющий на здоровье горожан, однако для Алматы эта проблема до настоящего времени оставалась недостаточно изученной. В данном исследовании проведён систематический мониторинг концентраций CO₂, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, температуры и относительной влажности в автобусах на трёх ключевых транспортных коридорах города. Сбор данных осуществлялся с использованием мобильного IoT-устройства собственной разработки «Tynys», откалиброванного по коммерческому эталонному датчику, что обеспечило высокую достоверность полученных измерений. Особое внимание было уделено сравнению условий в часы пик и вне их, что позволило выявить закономерности изменения параметров воздуха при различной загрузке транспорта. Анализ показал, что в утренние часы пик концентрации CO₂ и мелкодисперсных частиц значительно превышают уровни межпиковых периодов, что подтверждает ключевую роль пассажиропотока в формировании качества воздуха в салоне. Дополнительно с применением методов машинного обучения было установлено, что именно CO₂ и PM₂.₅ являются наиболее информативными индикаторами загрязнённости, позволяющими надёжно классифицировать периоды с высокой нагрузкой. Полученные результаты восполняют существующий научный пробел в исследованиях качества воздуха в общественном транспорте региона Центральной Азии и формируют базу для последующих работ, направленных на модернизацию вентиляционных систем, оптимизацию пассажиропотоков и внедрение интеллектуальных технологий мониторинга микроклимата в автобусах</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Air quality in public transport is a critical factor directly affecting urban health, yet for Almaty this issue has remained understudied until now. In this study, a systematic monitoring of CO₂, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, temperature, and relative humidity concentrations was conducted in buses across three key transport corridors of the city. Data collection was carried out using a mobile IoT device of our own design, «Tynys», calibrated against a commercial reference sensor to ensure high measurement reliability. Special attention was paid to comparing peak and off-peak hours, which allowed us to identify patterns of air quality changes under varying passenger loads. The analysis showed that during morning peak hours, CO₂ and fine particulate matter concentrations significantly exceeded off-peak levels, confirming the key role of passenger flow in shaping in-vehicle air quality. Additionally, by applying machine learning methods, it was established that CO₂ and PM₂.₅ are the most informative indicators of pollution, enabling reliable classification of high-load periods. The obtained results fill an existing research gap in studies of air quality in public transport in Central Asia and provide a basis for further work aimed at modernizing ventilation systems, optimizing passenger flows, and implementing intelligent microclimate monitoring technologies in buses.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>общественный транспорт</kwd><kwd>качество воздуха</kwd><kwd>CO₂</kwd><kwd>PM₂.₅</kwd><kwd>PM₁₀</kwd><kwd>IoTустройство</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>вентиляция</kwd><kwd>пассажиропоток</kwd><kwd>микроклимат</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальный транспорт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>public transport</kwd><kwd>air quality</kwd><kwd>CO₂</kwd><kwd>PM₂.₅</kwd><kwd>PM₁₀</kwd><kwd>IoT device</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>ventilation</kwd><kwd>passenger flow</kwd><kwd>microclimate</kwd><kwd>intelligent transport</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данное исследование финансируется Комитетом науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан (Грант ИРН BR24993051).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Systematic Review of Indoor Environmental Quality in Passenger Transport Vehicles of Tropical and Subtropical Regions / J.O. 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