kaz44Вестник Университета Шакарима. Серия технические наукиBulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences2788-79953006-0524«Шәкәрім университеті» КеАҚ10.53360/2788-7995-2025-4(20)-27kaz44-2138Research ArticleАВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ (ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)AUTOMATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ORIGINAL ARTICLE)АНАЛИЗ ВАРИАБЕЛЬНОСТИ СЕРДЕЧНОГО РИТМА НА ОСНОВЕ ФОТОПЛЕТИЗМОГРАФИИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ МЕТОДОВ МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ ДЛЯ НЕИНВАЗИВНОГО СКРИНИНГА ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ СЕРДЦА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ УСТРОЙСТВА ZHUREK IOTPHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY-BASED HEART RATE VARIABILITY ANALYSIS USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FOR NON-INVASIVE SCREENING OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE WITH THE ZHUREK IOT DEVICEhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1919-3570БайғараеваЖ. Е.BaigarayevaZh. Y.

Жанель Ермашқызы Байғараева – магистр

050040, Казахстан, Алматы, проспект Аль-Фараби 71050056, Казахстан, Алматы, улица Кожедуба 3

Zhanel Yermashkyzy Baigarayeva – Master’s degree holder

050040, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue 71050056, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kozheduba str., 3 

zhanel.baigarayeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-9910БолтабоеваА. К.BoltaboyevaA. K.

Асия Кубланди кызи Болтабоева – магистр, PhD студентка 3 курса

050040, Казахстан, Алматы, проспект Аль-Фараби 71050056, Казахстан, Алматы, улица Кожедуба 3

Assiya Kublandi kyzi Boltaboyeva – Master’s degree holder, 3rd-year PhD student

050040, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue 71050056, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kozheduba str., 3 

boltaboyeva_assiya3@live.kaznu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7249-380XИманбекБ. Т.ImanbekB. T.

Бағлан Талғатқызы Иманбек – PhD, доцент, профессор-исследователь

050040, Казахстан, Алматы, проспект Аль-Фараби 71

Baglan Talgatkyzy Imanbek – PhD, Associate Professor, Research Professor

050040, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue 71

baglan.imanbek@kaznu.edu.kzКожамбердиеваМ. И.KozhamberdiyevaM. I.

Мергул Иманбековна Кожамбердиева – кандидат педогогических наук

050040, Казахстан, Алматы, проспект Аль-Фараби 71050056, Казахстан, Алматы, улица Кожедуба 3

Mergul Imanbekovna Kozhamberdiyeva – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences

050040, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue 71050056, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kozheduba str., 3 

kozhamberdiyeva.m@outlook.comБектургановаА. Б.BekturganovaA. B.

Айман Болатовна Бектурганова – бакалавр студентка 4 курса

050040, Казахстан, Алматы, проспект Аль-Фараби 71050056, Казахстан, Алматы, улица Кожедуба 3

Aiman Bolatovna Bekturganova – 4th year Bachelor's student

050040, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue 71050056, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kozheduba str., 3 

aiman0908b@gmail.comКазахский национальный университет имени Аль-Фараби; ТОО «Kazakhstan R&D Solutions»КазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National University; LLP «Kazakhstan R&D Solutions»KazakhstanКазахский национальный университет имени Аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstan20252501202614(20)229238Copyright © Байғараева Ж.Е., Болтабоева А.К., Иманбек Б.Т., Кожамбердиева М.И., Бектурганова А.Б., 20262026Байғараева Ж.Е., Болтабоева А.К., Иманбек Б.Т., Кожамбердиева М.И., Бектурганова А.Б.Baigarayeva Z.Y., Boltaboyeva A.K., Imanbek B.T., Kozhamberdiyeva M.I., Bekturganova A.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/2138

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания являются основной причиной смертности в мире, поэтому на ранних этапах неинвазивная оценка риска имеет важное значение как для профилактики, так и для эффективного распределения ресурсов здравоохранения. Вариабельность сердечного ритма (ВСР) является надежным показателем вегетативного баланса, однако в клинической практике до сих пор преимущественно используются длительные ЭКГ-записи, что ограничивает широкое применение. Несмотря на широкое распространение фотоплетизмографии (ФПГ), эффективность метрик ВСР, полученных из ФПГ, для выявления ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) до конца не определена.В данном исследовании ФПГ-сигналы, полученные с помощью недорогого устройства Zhurek, в сочетании с классификаторами машинного обучения позволили выявлять ИБС с точностью 90,82%. В сравнении с трехканальной холтеровской ЭКГ наблюдалось удовлетворительное согласие. Анализ SHAP и взаимной информации показал ключевую роль частотных показателей (HF, LF). Метод балансировки CTGAN повысил устойчивость обучения.Полученные результаты подтверждают, что использование ФПГ может стать доступным и интерпретируемым способом скрининга ИБС. Следующие шаги – многоцентровые исследования, расширение набора признаков и внедрение методики в носимые устройства.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide; therefore, early-stage noninvasive risk assessment is crucial both for prevention and for the efficient allocation of healthcare resources. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a reliable indicator of autonomic balance, yet in clinical practice it still relies mainly on long-term ECG recordings, which limits large-scale application. Although photoplethysmography (PPG) is widely available, the effectiveness of PPG-derived HRV metrics for detecting ischemic heart disease (IHD) has not been fully established.In this study, PPG signals obtained from a low-cost Zhurek device, combined with machine learning classifiers, enabled IHD detection with an accuracy of 90.82%. Comparison with three-channel Holter ECG showed satisfactory agreement. SHAP and mutual information analyses highlighted the dominant role of frequency-domain features (HF, LF). Data balancing using CTGAN improved training stability.Overall, the results demonstrate that PPG-based HRV analysis offers a feasible, accessible, and interpretable approach for IHD screening. Future steps include multicenter validation, expansion of feature sets, and integration of the method into wearable devices.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.