kaz44Вестник Университета Шакарима. Серия технические наукиBulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences2788-79953006-0524«Шәкәрім университеті» КеАҚ10.53360/2788-7995-2025-3(19)-69kaz44-2078Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ (ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (ORIGINAL ARTICLE)БИОПЛАСТИКИ НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИСАХАРИДОВ ДЛЯ УСТОЙЧИВОЙ УПАКОВКИ: РОЛЬ НЕКОВАЛЕНТНЫХ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЙ И ТРАНСЭТЕРИФИКАЦPOLYSACCHARIDE-BASED BIOPLASTICS FOR SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING: ROLE OF NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS AND TRANSESTERIFICATIONhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9691-4274ТулееваР. Н.TuleyevaR. N.

Рысгуль Нурлановна Тулеева – докторант кафедры химии и технологии органических веществ, природных соединений и полимеров

050043, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаева, 22040000, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы050040, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 71

Rysgul Nurlanovna Tuleyeva – PhD Candidate, Research Scientist

050043, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 22 Satbayev str.040000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty050040, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue 

rysgultuleyeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4230-1031ГизатуллинаН. Н.GizatullinaN. N.

Наргиз Нурмухаметовна Гизатуллина – магистр кафедры химической и биохимической инженерии Института геологии и нефтегазового дела им. К. Турыcова

050043, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаева, 22

040000, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы

Nargiz Nurmukhametovna Gizatullina – Master of Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Geology and Oil-Gas Business Institute Named After K. Turyssov; Research Scientist

050043, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 22 Satbayev str.040000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

nar.gn@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7538-7340ТургановаР. А.TurganovaR. A.

Ронагуль Адилжановна Турганова – PhD, кафедрa химической и биохимической инженерии Института геологии и нефтегазового дела им. К. Турыcова

050043, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаева, 22

040000, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы

Ronagul Adiljanovna Turganova – PhD, Research Scientist, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Geology and Oil-Gas Business Institute Named After K. Turyssov

050043, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 22 Satbayev str.040000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

ronagul.turganova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7429-4994БелкожаевА. М.BelkozhayevA. M.

Аяз Маратович Белкожаев – PhD, ассоциированный профессор кафедры химической и биохимической инженерии Института геологии и нефтегазового дела им. К. Турыcова

050043, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаева, 22

Ayaz Maratovich Belkozhayev – PhD, Associate Professor of Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Geology and Oil-Gas Business Institute Named After K. Turyssov 

050043, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 22 Satbayev str. 

a.belkozhayev@satbayev.universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0381-6665TолеутайГ.ToleutayG.

Гаухар Толеутай – PhD кафедры химической и биохимической инженерии Института геологии и нефтегазового дела им. К. Турыcова

050043, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, ул. Сатпаева, 22

Ноксвилл, TN 37996, США

Gaukhar Toleutay – PhD of Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Geology and OilGas Business Institute Named After K. Turyssov

050043, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 22 Satbayev str.

Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 

gaukhar.toleutay@gmail.comСатбаев университет; Научно-Исследовательский Институт Перспективных Материалов; Казахский национальный университет имени аль-ФарабиКазахстанSatbayev University; Research Institute of Advanced Materials; Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanСатбаев университет; Научно-Исследовательский Институт Перспективных МатериаловКазахстанSatbayev University; Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsKazakhstanСатбаев университетКазахстанSatbayev UniversityKazakhstanСатбаев университет; Университет ТеннессиКазахстанSatbayev University; University of TennesseeKazakhstan20250311202503(19)623633Copyright © Тулеева Р.Н., Гизатуллина Н.Н., Турганова Р.А., Белкожаев А.М., Tолеутай Г., 20252025Тулеева Р.Н., Гизатуллина Н.Н., Турганова Р.А., Белкожаев А.М., Tолеутай Г.Tuleyeva R.N., Gizatullina N.N., Turganova R.A., Belkozhayev A.M., Toleutay G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/2078

Усиление проблемы загрязнения окружающей среды пластиковыми отходами стимулировало во всём мире активный поиск экологически безопасных и устойчивых упаковочных материалов. Среди биоразлагаемых полимеров особый интерес вызывают биопластики на основе полисахаридов – особенно из растительной целлюлозы и её микробного аналога, бактериальной целлюлозы (БЦ) – благодаря их возобновляемости, способности к биодеградации и благоприятным механическим свойствам. Тем не менее, их практическое применение часто ограничивается такими факторами, как гидрофильность и уязвимость к внешним воздействиям. Для преодоления этих ограничений в последние годы активно изучаются структурные модификации, включающие как нековалентные взаимодействия (например, водородные связи, ионная сшивка), так и ковалентные подходы, такие как трансэтерификация. Эти методы доказали свою эффективность в повышении механической прочности, гибкости и водостойкости материалов. В данном обзоре рассматриваются современные достижения в области разработки биопластиков на основе полисахаридов с особым акцентом на сочетание физических и химических модификаций для улучшения эксплуатационных характеристик. Особое внимание уделяется гибридным системам с участием бактериальной целлюлозы, лапонита, хитозана и эфиров жирных кислот, демонстрирующим перспективные синергетические эффекты. В целом, интеграция нековалентных и ковалентных модификаций представляет собой перспективную стратегию для создания упаковочных материалов нового поколения, ориентированных на устойчивое развитие.

The growing accumulation of plastic waste in ecosystems has catalyzed a global search for environmentally responsible packaging materials. Among biodegradable polymers, bioplastics derived from polysaccharides – especially from plant-based cellulose and its microbial analogue, bacterial cellulose (BC) – have attracted significant interest due to their renewability, biodegradability, and desirable mechanical attributes. Nevertheless, their practical application is frequently constrained by challenges such as hydrophilicity and vulnerability to environmental stressors. To overcome these issues, recent studies have explored structural modifications involving both noncovalent interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding, ionic crosslinking) and covalent strategies such as transesterification. These approaches have been shown to improve mechanical integrity, flexibility and water resistance. This review discusses recent progress in engineering polysaccharide-based bioplastics, with a particular emphasis on how combined physical and chemical modifications can enhance performance. Special attention is given to hybrid systems incorporating BC, laponite, chitosan, and fatty acid esters, which demonstrate promising synergistic effects. Overall, the integration of noncovalent and covalent modifications offers a compelling strategy for developing next-generation sustainable packaging materials.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.