kaz44Вестник Университета Шакарима. Серия технические наукиBulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences2788-79953006-0524«Шәкәрім университеті» КеАҚ10.53360/2788-7995-2025-3(19)-65kaz44-1981Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ (ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (ORIGINAL ARTICLE)ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТОРИЕВЫХ ОТХОДОВ В СОСТАВЕ МОНАЦИТА В ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ОТРАСЛИPROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF THORIUM WASTE AS PART OF MONAZITE IN THE ENERGY INDUSTRYhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6377-0913ТанирбергеноваС. К.TanirbergenovaS. K.

Сандугаш Кудайбергеновна Танирбергенова – кандидат химических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заместитель генерального директора по науке

050012, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, у. Богенбай батыра, 172 

Sandugash Tanirbergenova – Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Deputy Director General for Science

050012, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Bogenbai Batyr Street, 172

sandu2201@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-216XМансуровЗ. А.MansurovZ. A.

Зулхаир Аймухаметович Мансуров – доктор химических наук, профессор, научный руководитель 

050012, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, у. Богенбай батыра, 172 

Zulkhair Mansurov – Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Supervisor 

050012, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Bogenbai Batyr Street, 172

Zmansurov@kaznu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8079-6293ИнсеповЗ.InsepovZ.

Зинетула Инсепов – доктор технических наук, профессор  

010000, Республика Казахстан, г. Астана, проспект Кабанбай батыра, 53

Zinetula Insepov – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kabanbai Batyr Avenue, 53

zinsepov@nu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-1935ЛесбаевБ. Т.LesbayevB. T.

Бахытжан Тастанович Лесбаев – кандидат химических наук, главный научный сотрудник

050012, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, у. Богенбай батыра, 172

Bakhytzhan Lesbayev – Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Chief Researcher

050012, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Bogenbai Batyr Street, 172

Lesbayev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-6059ӘкімбекА. Ә.AkimbekA. O.

Арайлым Өтегенқызы Әкімбек – магистр естественных наук, научный сотрудник 

050012, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, у. Богенбай батыра, 172

Arailym Akimbek – Master of Natural Sciences, researcher 

050012, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Bogenbai Batyr Street, 172

arajlym.akimbekova@mail.ruИнститут проблем горенияКазахстанThe Institute Of Combusting ProblemsKazakhstanNazarbayev UniversityКазахстанNazarbayev UniversityKazakhstan20250311202503(19)581593Copyright © Танирбергенова С.К., Мансуров З.А., Инсепов З., Лесбаев Б.Т., Әкімбек А.Ә., 20252025Танирбергенова С.К., Мансуров З.А., Инсепов З., Лесбаев Б.Т., Әкімбек А.Ә.Tanirbergenova S.K., Mansurov Z.A., Insepov Z., Lesbayev B.T., Akimbek A.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/1981

В условиях роста глобального спроса на экологически чистую и устойчивую энергию особое внимание привлекает использование тория в качестве ядерного топлива. Данная исследовательская работа направлена на комплексный анализ возможностей переработки горнодобывающих промышленных отходов, содержащих торий, с целью их применения в ториевой энергетике. В работе рассматривается минерал монацит как ключевой источник тория, образующийся в отвалах золотодобывающей и редкоземельной промышленности. Проведены теоретические исследования, направленные на разработку математических моделей активной зоны ториевого реактора с использованием программных комплексов ANSYS и COMSOL Multiphysics. Модели учитывают процессы переноса нейтронов, теплообмена, течения теплоносителя и механических напряжений. Также исследованы физико-химические методы извлечения тория из отходов с целью минимизации экологических рисков.Представлены данные по геологии и запасам тория в Казахстане, где определены перспективные месторождения, в том числе в Мангистауской области, Южно-Казахстанской области и Северо-Казахстанской области. Результаты исследования подчеркивают высокую технологическую и экологическую целесообразность развития ториевой энергетики в Республике Казахстан и создают научную основу для внедрения реакторов IV поколения на основе тория.

In the context of growing global demand for environmentally friendly and sustainable energy, the use of thorium as a nuclear fuel attracts special attention. This research work is aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the possibilities of processing mining industrial waste containing thorium, with a view to their use in thorium energy. The paper considers the mineral monazite as a key source of thorium formed in the dumps of the gold mining and rare earth industries. Theoretical studies have been conducted aimed at developing mathematical models of the thorium reactor core using the ANSYS and COMSOL Multiphysics software systems. The models take into account the processes of neutron transfer, heat transfer, coolant flow, and mechanical stresses. Physico-chemical methods of thorium extraction from waste have also been investigated in order to minimize environmental risks. Data on the geology and reserves of thorium in Kazakhstan are presented, where promising deposits have been identified, including in the Mangystau region, South Kazakhstan region and North Kazakhstan region. The results of the study emphasize the high technological and environmental feasibility of developing thorium energy in the Republic of Kazakhstan and create a scientific basis for the introduction of fourth-generation thorium-based reactors.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.