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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz44</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Университета Шакарима. Серия технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2788-7995</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3006-0524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Шәкәрім университеті» КеАҚ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53360/2788-7995-2025-2(18)-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz44-1907</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПИЩЕВАЯ ИНЖЕНЕРИЯ И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ (ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (ORIGINAL ARTICLE)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ МАКРО- И МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТОВ НА ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ЛИМОННОЙ КИСЛОТЫ В БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE INFLUENCE OF MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS ON CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION IN A BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайменова</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bshaymenova@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-5732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садуахасова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saduakhasova</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сауле Абдуахаповна Садуахасова – кандидат биологических наук, </p><p>010000, г. Астана, проспект Женис, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>aule Sadaukhasova – Candidate of Biological Sciences, </p><p>010000, Astana, Zhenis Avenue, 62</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saule_aru@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9534-2721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тоймбаева</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toimbayeva</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дана Болатовна Тоймбаева – магистр технических наук, </p><p>010000, г. Астана, проспект Женис, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Kamanova – Master of Technical Sciences, </p><p>010000, Astana, Zhenis Avenue, 62</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bio.dana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9595-0559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каманова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamanova</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Георгиевна Каманова – магистр технических наук, </p><p>010000, г. Астана, проспект Женис, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dana Toimbaeva – Master of Technical Sciences, </p><p>010000, Astana, Zhenis Avenue, 62</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamanovasveta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-4658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оспанкулова</surname><given-names>Г. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ospankulova</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гульназым Хамитовна Оспанкулова – кандидат биологических наук, и.о. ассоциированного профессора кафедры «Технологии пищевых и перерабатывающих производств»,</p><p>010000, г. Астана, проспект Женис, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnazym Ospankulova – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Acting Associate Professor at the Department of «Food and Processing Production Technologies», </p><p>010000, Astana, Zhenis Avenue, 62</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bulashevag@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский агротехнический исследовательский университет имени С. Сейфуллина<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2(18)</issue><fpage>353</fpage><lpage>359</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шайменова Б.С., Садуахасова С.А., Тоймбаева Д.Б., Каманова С.Г., Оспанкулова Г.Х., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шайменова Б.С., Садуахасова С.А., Тоймбаева Д.Б., Каманова С.Г., Оспанкулова Г.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Шайменова Б.С., Saduakhasova S., Toimbayeva D., Kamanova S., Ospankulova G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/1907">https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/1907</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию влияния концентраций макро- и микроэлементов на биосинтез лимонной кислоты с использованием мутантного штамма Aspergillus niger R5/4 в условиях глубинной ферментации. Проведены лабораторные опыты по варьированию содержания NH₄NO₃, KH₂PO₄, MgSO₄·7H₂O, ZnSO₄·7H₂O, FeSO₄·7H₂O и CuSO₄·5H₂O в питательной среде. Установлено, что сбалансированное соотношение этих элементов оказывает значительное влияние на метаболизм и морфологию гриба, а также существенно влияет на продуктивность. Максимальный выход лимонной кислоты (69,18 г/л) достигнут при концентрациях: NH₄NO₃ — 3 г/л, KH₂PO₄ — 2 г/л, MgSO₄·7H₂O — 0,3 г/л, ZnSO₄·7H₂O — 1 мг/л, FeSO₄·7H₂O — 12 мг/л, CuSO₄·5H₂O — 70 мг/л., спустя 168 часов инкубации при температуре 30°C и pH 5,0. Отмечено, что высокая продуктивность наблюдается при формировании компактных гранул мицелия диаметром менее 0,5 мм. Превышение предельных концентраций микроэлементов, особенно цинка и железа, приводит к снижению выхода лимонной кислоты, что обусловлено возможным токсическим воздействием и нарушением физиологических процессов. Полученные данные могут быть использованы для оптимизации состава питательной среды в условиях промышленного производства лимонной кислоты с применением методов биотехнологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is devoted to the study of the impact of macro- and microelement concentrations on citric acid biosynthesis using the mutant strain Aspergillus niger R5/4 under submerged fermentation conditions. Laboratory experiments were conducted by varying the levels of NH₄NO₃, KH₂PO₄, MgSO₄·7H₂O, ZnSO₄·7H₂O, FeSO₄·7H₂O, and CuSO₄·5H₂O in the nutrient medium. It was found that a balanced ratio of these elements has a significant effect on the fungal metabolism and morphology, as well as on citric acid productivity. The maximum citric acid yield (69.18 g/L) was achieved after 168 hours of incubation at 30°C and pH 5.0 with the following concentrations: NH₄NO₃ – 3 g/L, KH₂PO₄ – 2 g/L, MgSO₄·7H₂O – 0.3 g/L, ZnSO₄·7H₂O – 1 mg/L, FeSO₄·7H₂O – 12 mg/L, CuSO₄·5H₂O – 70 mg/L. High productivity was associated with the formation of compact mycelial pellets with diameters less than 0.5 mm. Exceeding threshold concentrations of certain microelements, particularly zinc and iron, led to decreased citric acid output, likely due to toxic effects and disruption of physiological processes. The results obtained may be used to optimize nutrient media composition in the context of industrial-scale citric acid production through biotechnological methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимонная кислота</kwd><kwd>макроэлементы</kwd><kwd>микроэлементы</kwd><kwd>Aspergillus niger R5/4</kwd><kwd>ферментация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>citric acid</kwd><kwd>macroelements</kwd><kwd>microelements</kwd><kwd>Aspergillus niger R5/4</kwd><kwd>fermentation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Данное исследование было профинансировано Министерством сельского хозяйства Республики Казахстан BR06249419 «Научно-технологическое обеспечение перерабатывающих предприятий агропромышленного комплекса с целью повышения их эффективности и конкурентоспособности»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">West T.P. 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