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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz44</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Университета Шакарима. Серия технические науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Shakarim University. Technical Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2788-7995</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3006-0524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Шәкәрім университеті» КеАҚ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53360/2788-7995-2025-3(19)-8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz44-1852</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ (ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AUTOMATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ORIGINAL ARTICLE)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МОДЕЛЕЙ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ЦЕН АКЦИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NEURAL NETWORK MODELS ON PREDICTING STOCK PRICES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0684-6947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амрин</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amrin</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарын Амрин – магистрант ОП «Программная инженерия», кафедра «Компьютерная инженерия»</p><p>050000, Республика Казахстан, г. Алматы, ул. Манаса, 34/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daryn Amrin – Master’s student in Software Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering</p><p>050000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, 34/1 Manas Street </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">41376@iitu.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-4272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муханов</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhanov</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самат Муханов – PhD</p><p>010000, Республика Казахстан, г. Астана, проспект Мангилик Ел, 55/11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samat Mukhanov – PhD, Assistant-professor</p><p>010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 55/11 Mangilik El Avenue</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">S.Mukhanov@astanait.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6779-9393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аманжолова</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amanzholova</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сауле Аманжолова – кандидат технических наук, заведующая кафедрой интеллектуальных систем и кибербезопасности, доцент</p><p>010000, Республика Казахстан, г. Астана, проспект Мангилик Ел, 55/11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saule Amanzholova – Candidate of technical sciences, Head of Intelligent Systems and Cybersecurity Department, associate professor</p><p>010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 55/11 Mangilik El Avenue</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.amanzholova@astanait.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-5856</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амиргалиев</surname><given-names>Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirgaliyev</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бейбут Амиргалиев – доктор философии, профессор</p><p>010000, Республика Казахстан, г. Астана, проспект Мангилик Ел, 55/11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Beibut Amirgaliyev – PhD, Professor</p><p>010000, Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, 55/11 Mangilik El Avenue</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beibut.amirgaliyev@astanait.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Международный университет информационных технологий<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">International Information Technology University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Astana IT University<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Astana IT University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3(19)</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Амрин Д., Муханов С., Аманжолова С., Амиргалиев Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Амрин Д., Муханов С., Аманжолова С., Амиргалиев Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Amrin D., Mukhanov S., Amanzholova S., Amirgaliyev B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/1852">https://tech.vestnik.shakarim.kz/jour/article/view/1852</self-uri><abstract><p>Прогнозирование динамики фондового рынка остается сложной задачей из-за его волатильности и непредсказуемости. Экономические показатели, рыночные настроения и глобальные события оказывают значительное влияние на колебания цен акций, что затрудняет точное прогнозирование трендов инвесторами. Традиционные методы основаны на анализе исторических рисков, доходности и ценовых паттернов, однако эти подходы имеют ограничения при обработке больших объемов данных. С развитием глубинного обучения нейронные сети стали мощным инструментом для прогнозирования цен акций. В этом исследовании мы сравниваем пять архитектур нейронных сетей: рекуррентные нейронные сети (RNN), сети долговременной кратковременной памяти (LSTM), управляемые рекуррентные блоки (GRU), сверточные нейронные сети (CNN) и искусственные нейронные сети (ANN). В качестве источника данных используется Yahoo Finance API, который является надежной и широко используемой платформой для финансового анализа. Исторические данные разделены на обучающую выборку (80%) и тестовую выборку (20%), а гиперпараметры подбираются для достижения оптимальных результатов. Мы проводим предварительную обработку данных, включая очистку и нормализацию, чтобы повысить точность и эффективность моделей. Для оценки работы моделей используются средняя абсолютная ошибка (MAE), среднеквадратичная ошибка (MSE), корень из среднеквадратичной ошибки (RMSE) и коэффициент детерминации (R²). Кроме того, мы оцениваем точность классификации с использованием матрицы ошибок и площади под кривой ROC (ROC-AUC). Результаты показывают, что модель GRU превосходит другие, обеспечивая наивысшую точность и надежность как в регрессионных, так и в классификационных метриках. В то же время простая модель ANN демонстрирует худшие результаты, что подчеркивает значительные различия в предсказательной способности различных архитектур нейросетей. Эти выводы подтверждают важность выбора правильной модели для финансового прогнозирования, поскольку методы глубинного обучения продолжают развиваться и повышать точность предсказаний фондового рынка.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to their complex and unpredictable nature, stock market movements were always challenging to predict. Factors like economic indicators, market sentiment, and political and global events significantly contribute to stock price unpredictability. There are different methods to analyze risks, returns, and average price movements, based on which investors make assumptions. Identifying patterns and making the right decision on large amounts of data is very difficult, but nowadays, with the advancement of neural networks, we can solve prediction problems by identifying patterns of high-dimensional sequential data. We will analyze and compare five neural network architectures, including Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs), Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), to try to predict stock prices using historical data taken from Yahoo Finance API, which is widely used and reliable for financial data analysis. We will separate historical data into two parts, 80% of which will be trained and 20% will be tested. For each model, we will use different hyperparameters we selected as the most effective training. Popular Python libraries such as TensorFlow, Keras, and NumPy are used for efficient implementation. Additionally, we used preprocessing for data, such as data cleaning and normalization, to avoid errors and enhance model performance. The models are evaluated based on prediction accuracy using metrics like Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R-squared (R²). Additionally, we use classification metrics such as the confusion matrix and Receiver Operating Characteristic - Area Under the Curve (ROC-AUC) to analyze each model’s performance in predicting price movement directions. We concluded that the GRU model achieves the highest accuracy and reliability in our analysis, with notable performance in classification metrics. Conversely, the simple ANN model shows the worst results, highlighting the variability in predictive capabilities across different neural network architectures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>глубинное обучение</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование временных рядов</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование фондового рынка</kwd><kwd>анализ финансовых данных</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>time-series forecasting</kwd><kwd>stock market prediction</kwd><kwd>financial data analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Comparative analysis of neural network models for gesture recognition methods hands / Bulletin of NIA RK / S.B. 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